Canada | 1993 | Dollar | 25 Cents

 



Caribou




Caribou in North America comprise several subspecies and ecotypes of Rangifer tarandus, ranging from the small Peary caribou to the large boreal woodland caribou. They inhabit regions from Alaska across northern Canada into the Rockies, with tundra-dwelling barren-ground, Porcupine, and Peary caribou, and the forest-dwelling woodland caribou. Some subspecies, notably R. t. granti and R. t. groenlandicus, form vast migratory herds, while woodland caribou are more sedentary and dependent on mature forests rich in lichens. Although the species is globally listed as Least Concern, many North American populations are in decline; the boreal woodland caribou is threatened, and the once-massive George River herd has collapsed dramatically. Caribou are well adapted to cold climates, capable of high speeds, and rely heavily on lichens, especially in winter. They vary in size and coloration, with barren-ground caribou showing larger antlers and distinctive white markings, while woodland caribou are stockier and darker. Both sexes typically grow antlers, and females live up to about 17 years. Caribou hold deep cultural significance for First Nations and Inuit peoples.


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